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} </style> <div id="user_body_ctl00_Pl_more"> <ul class="ul_table"> <li><strong><a href="pages.aspx?page=26">返回列表</a></strong></li> <li id="user_body_ctl00_li_prewnext" class="li_other1"><a class="" href="pages.aspx?id=35&page=26"> 上一篇： 儿童生长发育评估</a><span><br /></span><a class="" href="pages.aspx?id=33&page=26"> 下一篇： 儿童骨营养、骨健康</a><span><br /></span></li> <li id="user_body_ctl00_li_title" class="title14" style="text-align:center; width:100%; padding:5px 0px;"><span>母乳喂养指导</span></li> <li id="user_body_ctl00_li_more" class="li_more"><span><p style="text-indent:24.0pt">2002<span style="font-family:宋体;Times New Roman";Times New Roman"">年</span>WHO<span style="font-family: 宋体;Times New Roman";Times New Roman"">颁布的《婴幼儿喂养全球策略》，明确指出：</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; background-color: yellow; "><u>母乳喂养是为婴儿健康生长与发育提供理想食品的一种无与伦比的方法。</u></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;Times New Roman";Times New Roman"">作为一项全球公共卫生建议，在生命的最初</span>6<span style="font-family:宋体;Times New Roman";Times New Roman"">个月应对婴儿进行纯母乳喂养，以实现婴儿的最佳生长、发育和健康。</span>2007<span style="font-family:宋体;Times New Roman";Times New Roman"">年国家卫生部颁布了中国的《婴幼儿喂养策略》，要求医疗机构要继续执行《促进母乳喂养成功的十条标准》，并加强医疗机构与社区卫生服务机构的联系，支持社区开展母乳喂养咨询，并做好产后访视和母乳喂养指导，提高</span>6<span style="font-family:宋体;Times New Roman";Times New Roman"">个月内婴儿母乳喂养率。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:24.0pt"><u><span style="font-family: 宋体; background-color: yellow; ">在生命最初的</span><span style="background-color: yellow; ">6</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; background-color: yellow; ">个月内进行纯母乳喂养，使对婴儿唯一食物来源——母乳进行质量控制成为母乳喂养指导的重要环节。</span></u></p> <p style="text-indent:24.0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;Times New Roman";Times New Roman"">母乳中最基础最重要的营养元素为：脂肪、蛋白质、乳糖。三大营养元素的含量受哺乳期妇女体质、营养、哺乳模式、心理等影响，会产生巨大差异，对婴儿生长产生影响。例如：研究显示，母乳脂肪不足将影响婴儿大脑、视觉的发育，母乳脂肪过多将导致肥胖儿、巨大儿，并与婴儿期的生理性腹泻相关。而蛋白质的不足将严重影响婴儿的生长发育。目前公认的，对脂肪、蛋白质、乳糖含量进行测定的非化学方法是中红外光谱吸收法。这种方法能从分子级别，定量测定上述各种成分的准确含量。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:24.0pt"><span style="font-family:宋体;Times New Roman";Times New Roman"">母乳中的微量元素、维生素等也对婴儿的生长极为重要。婴儿缺铁性贫血在中国仍然十分普遍。钙、磷、镁的摄入将直接影响婴儿的骨骼发育和一生的骨骼健康。微量元素分析仪是目前临床检测上述微量元素的普适方法。而对母乳中维生素的测定，仍缺乏可在临床实现的方法。</span></p> <p style="text-indent:24.0pt"><span style="font-family: 宋体; background-color: yellow; "><u>母乳营养元素的定期测量，对母乳喂养指导提供了客观依据。医生能科学指导哺乳期妇女进行哺乳期膳食、喂养模式的调整，合理进行营养补充，乃至进行产后心理调整。尽早期的干预或预防婴儿营养不良。</u></span></p> <span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt; "> 此外，对母乳质量缺乏信心是导致母乳喂养失败的重要原因，</span><u><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt; background-color: yellow; ">母乳营养成分的便利测量和改善的可能性，将会大大提升</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10pt; background-color: yellow; ">6</span><span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt; background-color: yellow; ">个月内的母乳喂养率</span></u></span></li> <li id="user_body_ctl00_li_morepage" class="li_other2"><span> <strong>15 / 19</strong> 篇 <a href="pages.aspx?id=41&page=26" class=""> 首页 </a> <a href="pages.aspx?id=114&page=26" class="">5..</a> <a href="pages.aspx?id=37&page=26" class="">12</a> <a href="pages.aspx?id=36&page=26" class="">13</a> <a href="pages.aspx?id=35&page=26" class="">14</a> <a href="pages.aspx?id=34&page=26" class=""><strong class="">15</strong></a> <a href="pages.aspx?id=33&page=26" class="">16</a> <a href="pages.aspx?id=32&page=26" class="">17</a> <a href="pages.aspx?id=7&page=26" class="">18</a> <a style="margin-left:6px;" href="pages.aspx?id=6&page=26" class=""> 末页 </a> </span></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> <div class="div_link"> <img src="../images/links2.jpg" /> </div> <div class="div_foot" style="position:relative;">Copyright © 2011 上海毕迈电子科技有限公司 上海市杨浦区鞍山路5号1206室 200092<br /> Tel: 86-21-6272 8522 / 5375 2680(81) | Fax: 86-21-5375 2683 <a href="https://beian.miit.gov.cn" target="_blank">沪ICP备13038053号-1</a> Powered by:<a href="http://www.kayait.cn" target="_blank">KayaIT</a><br /> <span class="tw_hui">本网站产品图片仅供参考，所销售产品以实物为准，产品的外观及技术规格修改权归生产商所有，无需提前通知即可修改</span> <div style="position:absolute; 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